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EnglishVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease with a canine urban reservoir in South America. Dogs from an endemic area within Brazil, which were naturally infected with Leishmania infantum, and those presenting severe clinical (SC), mild, or no clinical (MNC) disease, were evaluated. Parasite load, histopathology, and cytokine and iNOS mRNA expressions were assessed in the spleen and liver in order to determine the potential markers for disease susceptibility or resistance. As a result, dogs with both SC and MNC had high parasite loads; IFN-γ was the most expressive cytokine in both organs, along with IL-6 and IL-4 being detected in the spleen and liver, and IL-10 only in liver. The hepatic tissue presented higher medians for IFN-γ and IL-10, and was the main organ to produce cytokines with hepatic IL-10 suggesting a regulatory follow up. Granulomas were detected in both organs; however, when absent in spleen, they were associated with elevated IL-6 levels, thus highlighting the anti-inflammatory role of IL-6. Microscopic lesions in the spleen were predominantly characterized by an extensively disorganized white pulp and splenic response was suggested as sub optimized. Parasite load, tissue damage, and immunological response may vary in the dogs with similar clinical symptoms, which may not be a good parameter for assessing the animal’s susceptibility to VL. portuguesA Leishmaniose visceral (LV) e uma doenca zoonotica com reservatorio canino na America do Sul. Caes oriundos de area endemica brasileira, naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum, apresentando doenca clinica severa (CS) ou doenca branda ou ausente (BA) foram avaliados. Carga parasitaria, histopatologia e expressao de mRNA de citocinas e iNOS foram analisados em baco e figado, buscando determinar possiveis marcadores de susceptibilidade ou resistencia a doenca. Como principais resultados, tanto caes CS como BA apresentaram alta carga parsitaria. IFN-γ foi a citocina mais expressiva em ambos os orgaos, sendo IL-6 e IL-4 tambem detectadas em baco e figado e IL-10 em figado. No tecido hepatico foram encontradas as maiores medianas de IFN-γ e IL-10, sendo o figado o principal orgao produtor de citocinas, com IL-10 sugerindo acompanhamento regulatorio. Granulomas foram detectados em ambos os orgaos. Quando de sua ausencia no baco, essa foi associada a elevacao dos niveis de IL-6, salientando o papel anti-inflamatorio dessa citocina. Alteracoes microscopicas foram principalmente caracterizadas por extensiva desorganizacao de polpa branca, com a resposta esplencia sendo sugerida como subotimizada. Carga parasitaria, dano tecidual e resposta immune variaram mesmo em caes com quadros clinicos similares, nao sendo, portanto, a analise clinica um bom parâmetro para avaliacao de susceptibilidade animal a LV.

ciência rural

Parasite load, iNOS and cytokine profiles, and histopathological aspects of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs with different clinical presentations