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EnglishEquid alphaherpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is distributed worldwide and is a major agent of abortion, respiratory and neurological disease in horses. No specific treatment is available for EHV-1 infection, yet the potential of antiviral therapy has been explored. In this study we investigated the in vitro activity of Acyclovir, Ganciclovir, Foscarnet, Famciclovir, Vidarabina and Cidofovir against EHV-1. For this, the MTT test was performed, in which all the tested drugs showed no toxicity up to 200μg/mL. Subsequently, different drug concentrations were submitted to viral plaque reduction assays in cell culture. The selectivity index (SI) of the compounds was determined using the cytotoxic concentration for 50% of cells (CC50), obtained by MTT, and effective drug concentration to inhibit by 50% the number of viral plaques (EC50). Ganciclovir (SI: 490; EC50: 1.9 μg/mL) was the most efficient and safest drug against EHV-1, followed by Cidofovir (SI: 150, EC50: 5.7μg/mL), Acyclovir (SI: 37.4, EC50: 22.2μg/mL), Famciclovir (SI: 25.1, EC50: 24.5μg/mL), Vidarabine (SI: 12.2, EC50: 40.9μg/mL) and Foscarnet (SI: 6.9, EC50: 49.5 μg/mL), respectively. These results indicated that Ganciclovir (followed by Cidofovir), is a promising candidate for use in in vivo experiments. Key words: EHV-1; plaque assay; Acyclovir; Ganciclovir; Foscarnet; Famciclovir; Vidarabine; Cidofovir portuguesO alfaherpesvirus equino tipo 1 (EHV-1) esta amplamente distribuido nos rebanhos equinos de todo o mundo e e um dos principais agentes causadores de abortos, doenca respiratoria e neurologica em equinos. Ainda nao ha tratamento especifico para a infeccao pelo EHV-1 em equinos, mas o potencial da terapia antiviral tem sido investigado. Neste trabalho, foi investigada a atividade anti-herpetica in vitro dos farmacos Aciclovir, Ganciclovir, Foscanet, Famciclovir, Vidarabina e Cidofovir frente ao EHV-1. Para isso, foi realizado o teste de MTT, em que todas as drogas nao apresentaram citotoxicidade ate a dose de 200μg/mL. A seguir, diferentes concentracoes dos farmacos foram submetidas ao teste de reducao de placas virais em cultivo celular. O indice de seletividade (IS) dos compostos foi determinado usando a concentracao citotoxica para 50% dos cultivos celulares (CC50), obtida pelo MTT, e pela concentracao dos farmacos efetiva para inibir em 50% o numero de placas virais (EC50). O Ganciclovir (IS: 490; EC50: 1,9μg/mL) foi o mais eficiente e seguro frente ao EHV-1, seguido pelo Cidofovir (IS: 150; EC50: 5,7 μg/mL), Aciclovir (IS: 37,4; EC50: 22,2μg/mL), Famciclovir (IS: 25,1; EC50: 24,5μg/mL), Vidarabina (IS: 12,2; EC50: 40,9μg/mL) e Foscarnet (IS: 6,9; EC50: 49,5μg/mL). Estes resultados indicam que o Ganciclovir constitui-se em um candidato para uso em experimentos in vivo. Palavras-chave: EHV-1; ensaio de placa; Aciclovir; Ganciclovir; Foscarnet; Famciclovir; Vidarabina; Cidofovir

In vitro activity of six antiviral drugs against equid alphaherpesvirus type 1 indicates ganciclovir as promising drug for in vivo studies