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EnglishThe aim of this study was to estimate neosporosis seroprevalence and its associated risk factors in milk herds (Bos taurus taurus) located in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Three hundred twenty-two blood samples were collected from dairy cows on 18 farms in 17 cities of this region. An epidemiologic questionnaire was completed for each farm. It consisted of questions about the general characteristics of the herd, reproduction, and animal management. Serum samples were tested for Neospora caninum using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Results indicated a seroprevalence of Neospora in 88.9% (16/18) of herds and 31.1% (100/322) of individuals. Risk factor analyses demonstrated that culling by reproductive disorder (OR = 0.6), flooding (OR = 0.5), and commercial sale (OR = 0.4) were associated with seroprevalence. Nevertheless, the purchase of replacement animals in the herd played an important role in disease occurrence (OR = 2.2). Results of this study suggested that Neospora caninum was present in the studied herds under investigation and that there are risk factors associated with its seroprevalence on the farms of the northwestern of Rio Grande do Sul. Key words: cattle; Neospora caninum; reproductive diseases portuguesO objetivo desse estudo foi estimar a soroprevalencia da neosporose e os possiveis fatores de risco em rebanhos (Bos taurus taurus) localizados na mesorregiao Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram coletadas 322 amostras de sangue de bovinos leiteiros, em 18 propriedades localizadas em 17 municipios desta mesorregiao. Um questionario epidemiologico foi aplicado em cada propriedade, contendo questoes relacionadas as caracteristicas gerais dos rebanhos, dados reprodutivos e manejo animal. As amostras de soro foram testadas atraves do teste de imunoensaio enzimatico (ELISA) para Neospora caninum. Os resultados demonstraram uma soroprevalencia de Neospora de 88,9% (16/18) entre os rebanhos e 31,1% (100/322) entre os individuos. Entre os fatores de risco analisados foi observado que descarte por problemas reprodutivos (OR=0,6), presenca de areas alagadicas (OR=0,5) e venda comercial (OR=0,4) estavam associados a soroprevalencia. No entanto, a compra de animais substituidos no rebanho desempenhou um papel significativo na ocorrencia da doenca (OR=2,2). Os resultados desse estudo sugerem que o Neospora caninum esteve presente nos rebanhos estudados, bem como, existem fatores associados com a soroprevalencia nas propriedades da mesorregiao do Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Palavras-chave: bovinos; Neospora Caninum; doencas reprodutivas

Seroprevalence estimate and associated risk factors for neosporosis in dairy cattle in the northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil