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EnglishPeanuts are a nutritious food consumed worldwide. Some species of the genus Aspergillus, producers of aflatoxins, colonize peanuts. Human exposure to aflatoxins occurs by ingesting contaminated foods. The objective of this paper was to assess the occurrence and dietary exposure of the population to aflatoxins in peanuts commercially available in Maringa, Brazil, from May 2013 to April 2017. A total of 104 peanut samples were evaluated by thin-layer chromatography and confirmed by derivatization with trifluoroacetic acid. The contamination rate detected was 24.0% in average concentration of 13.4µg/kg. Twenty positive samples (19.2%) exceeded the maximum level permitted in Brazil for the sum of four aflatoxins. Estimated probable daily intake was 1,28 µg/kg body weight/day, exceeding the Provisional Maximum Tolerable Daily Intake (0.001μg/kg body weight/day). According to the high levels of aflatoxins found in peanuts, there is need for further monitoring the presence of aflatoxins in peanuts in natura to reduce the levels of contamination. Key words: aflatoxins; Aspergillus flavus; peanuts; risk assessment; public health portuguesO amendoim e um alimento nutritivo e muito consumido no mundo todo. Algumas especies de fungos do genero Aspergillus, produtores de aflatoxinas, colonizam o amendoim. A exposicao humana as aflatoxinas ocorre por meio do consumo de alimentos contaminados. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ocorrencia e exposicao da populacao as aflatoxinas em amendoim comercializado no municipio de Maringa, Brasil, durante o periodo de maio de 2013 a abril de 2017. Foram avaliadas 104 amostras de amendoim por analise cromatografica e confirmadas por derivacao com acido trifluoroacetico. A frequencia de contaminacao foi de 24,0% em concentracao media de 13,4µg/kg. Vinte amostras positivas (19,2%) apresentaram-se acima do limite maximo permitido no Brasil para a somatoria das quatro aflatoxinas. A ingestao diaria provavel media encontrada foi de 1,28µg/kg peso corporeo/dia, superando a ingestao diaria maxima toleravel provisoria (0,001µg/kg peso corporeo/dia). De acordo com os elevados teores de aflatoxinas encontrados em amendoim, ha necessidade de um maior monitoramento da presenca de aflatoxinas em alimentos, tendo em vista a reducao nos niveis de contaminacao do amendoim in natura. Palavras-chave: aflatoxinas; Aspergillus flavus; amendoim; avaliacao de risco; Saude Publica.

Occurrence and exposure assessment to aflatoxins in peanuts commercialized in the northwest of Parana, Brazil