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BACKGROUND    Anisakis simplex  antigens present immunomodulatory properties by the induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) in mice.    OBJECTIVES   To study the capacity of DCs stimulated with  A. simplex  excretory-secretory (ES) or crude extract (CE) to generate T regs . To investigate  in vitro  effects of antigens on the metabolic activity of splenocytes induced by LPS or CpG.    METHODS   Phenotypic and functional characterization of T cells co-cultured with  A. simplex -pulsed DCs was performed by flow cytometry. Lymphocyte mitochondrial respiratory activity was estimated by the Alamar Blue ®  Assay.    FINDINGS   In C57BL/6J, CD4 + CD25 - Foxp3 +  and CD8 + CD25 - Foxp3 +  populations increased by CE-stimulated-DCs. In BALB/c, CE-stimulated-DCs caused the expansion of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + IL-10+ and CD8 + CD25 + Foxp3 + IL-10+. IFN-γ expression raised in BALB/c CD4 + CD25 +  and CD4 + CD25 -  for CE and ES, respectively. ES-stimulated-DCs increased CD4 + CD25 +  Foxp3 +  and CD8 + CD25 -  Foxp3 +  expression in T cells. The association of ES or CE with LPS produced the increase in splenocyte activity in C57BL/6J. The association of CE with CpG decreased the proliferation caused by CpG in C57BL/6J.    MAIN CONCLUSIONS    A. simplex  increase the frequency of T regs , which in turn produce IL-10 and IFN-γ. The host genetic base is essential in the development of anti- Anisakis  immune responses (Th2, Th1, T reg ).

Expansion of T regulatory lymphocytes by murine bone marrow dendritic cells previously stimulated with Anisakis simplex larval antigens