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BACKGROUND   In Acre state, Brazil, the dissemination of cutaneous leishmaniasis has increased in recent years, with limited knowledge of the potential  Leishmania  spp. vectors involved.    OBJECTIVES   Here, data concerning the sandfly fauna of Brasiléia municipality,  Leishmania  DNA-detection rates and the identification of blood meal sources of insects captured in 2013-2015 are presented.METHODS   Parasite detection in female sandflies was performed individually by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ( Leishmania  kDNA/sandfly  cacophony- gene), with the identification of  Leishmania  spp. by hsp70-PCR and sequencing. The identification of blood gut-content from fed females was performed by  cyt b -PCR and sequencing.FINDINGS   A total of 4,473 sandflies were captured. A subgroup of 864 non-blood-fed females evaluated for the presence of  Leishmania  DNA showed 2.9% positivity for  Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis  and  L .  (V.) guyanensis . The identification of blood meal sources was performed in 96 blood-fed females, allowing the identification of 13 vertebrate species. In nine/96 fed females, DNA from  L .  (V.) shawi ,  L. (V.) guyanensis ,  L .  (V.) braziliensis  and  Endotrypanum  sp. was detected.MAIN CONCLUSIONS   In  Brumptomyia  sp. and  Evandromyia termitophila , the first report of  Leishmania  DNA-detection is provided in Acre;  Nyssomyia shawi  is implicated as potential vector of  L .  (V.) braziliensis  and  L .  (V.) guyanensis  for the first time in Brazil.

memórias do instituto oswaldo cruz

An overview of the sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) followed by the detection of Leishmania DNA and blood meal identification in the state of Acre, Amazonian Brazil