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BACKGROUND   Despite treatment with effective antimalarial drugs, the mortality rate is still high in severe cases of the disease, highlighting the need to find adjunct therapies that can inhibit the adhesion of  Plasmodium falciparum -infected erythrocytes (Pf-iEs).    OBJECTIVES   In this context, we evaluated a new heparan sulfate (HS) from  Nodipecten nodosus  for antimalarial activity and inhibition of  P. falciparum  cytoadhesion and rosetting.    METHODS   Parasite inhibition was measured by SYBR green using a cytometer. HS was assessed in rosetting and cytoadhesion assays under static and flow conditions using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and human lymphatic endothelial cell (HLEC) cells expressing intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) and chondroitin sulfate A (CSA), respectively.    FINDINGS   This HS inhibited merozoite invasion similar to heparin. Moreover, mollusk HS decreased cytoadherence of  P. falciparum  to CSA and ICAM-1 on the surface of endothelial cells under static and flow conditions. In addition, this glycan efficiently disrupted rosettes.    CONCLUSIONS   These findings support a potential use for mollusk HS as adjunct therapy for severe malaria.

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A new heparan sulfate from the mollusk Nodipecten nodosus inhibits merozoite invasion and disrupts rosetting and cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum