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BACKGROUND    Scedosporium/Lomentospora  species are opportunistic mould pathogens, presenting notable antifungal resistance.    OBJECTIVES/METHODS  We analysed the conidia and germinated conidia of  S. apiospermum  ( Sap ),  S. aurantiacum  ( Sau ),  S. minutisporum  ( Smi ) and  L. prolificans  ( Lpr ) by scanning electron microscopy and exposition of surface molecules by fluorescence microscopy.    FINDINGS  Conidia of  Sap ,  Smi  and  Sau  had oval, ellipsoidal and cylindrical shape, respectively, with several irregularities surrounding all surface areas, whereas  Lpr  conidia were rounded with a smooth surface. The germination of  Sap  occurred at the conidial bottom, while  Smi  and  Sau  germination primarily occurred at the centre of the conidial cell, and  Lpr  germination initiated at any part of the conidial surface. The staining of  N -acetylglucosamine-containing molecules by fluorescein-labelled WGA primarily occurred during the germination of all studied fungi and in the conidial scars, which is the primary location of germination. Calcofluor white, which recognises the polysaccharide chitin, strongly stained the conidial cells and, to a lesser extent, the germination. Both mannose-rich glycoconjugates (evidenced by fluoresceinated-ConA) and cell wall externally located polypeptides presented distinct surface locations and expression according to both morphotypes and fungal species. In contrast, sialic acid and galactose-containing structures were not detected at fungal surfaces.    MAIN CONCLUSIONS  The present study demonstrated the differential production/exposition of surface molecules on distinct morphotypes of  Scedosporium / Lomentospora  species.

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Scedosporium apiospermum, Scedosporium aurantiacum, Scedosporium minutisporum and Lomentospora prolificans: a comparative study of surface molecules produced by conidial and germinated conidial cells