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In this paper, we propose a novel TDLMS filter using a sub-sampling mask and step-size index for small target detection in infra-red (IR) imagery. The concept of the proposed TDLMS is to utilize the sub-sampling mask of the weight-matrix having the structure reducing effects of the target pixels in order to predict the background exactly. And the nonlinear step size using the luminance rate (LR) and contrast rate (CR) is used and then background is predicted finally by using the two-dimensional Gaussian distance (TDGD). Experimental results show that the proposed method exhibits higher detection rates in comparison to the conventional TDLMS filter.

A novel Two-Dimensional LMS (TDLMS) using sub-sampling mask and step-size index for small target detection