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To minimize the characteristic variation of SPADs (Single-Photon Avalanche Photo Diodes) with bias, a current mirror based quenching bias circuit is implemented and tested for Single Photon Detection. With the proposed quenching bias circuit, the operational bias variation of SPADs is successfully reduced. A SPAD and quenching bias circuit are integrated in a 43 μm × 43 μm area to make a micro pixel. The optimized bias circuit maximizes the photon detection area to have more than 50% fill factor. This paper is based on a 0.18μm standard CMOS process with thick gate oxide option. key words: SPAD (Single Photo Avalanche Diode), current mirror, quenching, fill factor, operation voltage Classification: Integrated circuits (memory, logic, analog, RF, sensor)

Quenching bias circuit with current mirror for single photon detection