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This work presents an electrocardiogram (ECG) compression processor for wireless sensors with configurable data lossless and lossy compression. Lifting wavelet transforms of 9/7-M and 5/3 are employed for signal decomposition instead of traditional wavelet. A hybrid encoding scheme improves compression efficiency by encoding the higher scales of decomposed coefficients with modified embedded zero-tree wavelet (EZW) and the lowest scale with Huffman encoding. Besides, a transposable register matrix for coefficients buffering during EZW encoding lowers the processing frequency without extra register resource. Implemented in SMIC 40nm CMOS process, the processor only takes a total gate count of 10.8K with 92nW power consumption under 0.5V voltage and achieves a compression ratio of 2.71 for lossless compression and 14.9 for lossy compression with PRD of 0.39%.

A lifting wavelet based lossless and lossy ECG compression processor for wireless sensors