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We investigate the three-wave mixing process that is induced by nonlinear envelope pulse collisions in composite rightand left-handed transmission lines with regularly spaced Schottky varactors. For left-handed waves, the wave number decreases as the frequency increases; this results in the resonant interaction of colliding leftand right-moving waves. In this study, we introduce design criteria for the generation efficiency of sum frequency waves using the derivative expansion method; we also introduce a method of generating pulsed second-harmonic waves.

Efficiency of three-wave mixing in nonlinear composite right- and left-handed transmission lines