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This study clarified the difference in sensitivity of lepidopteran host larvae parasitized by a gregarious endoparasitoid Cotesia kariyai and a solitary endoparasitoid Meteorus pulchricornis to four insecticides, fenitrothion, cypermethrin, pyriproxyfen and pyridalyl, along with the growth and development of each parasitoid. It is well known that the physiological state of the host is regulated by endoparasitoid after parasitization. It was predicted from our previous report that the detoxification ability of the parasitized hosts was changed by parasitization. The effect of four insecticides on the growth and development of two parasitoids was examined with LD50 or LD95 values of unparasitized hosts. Fenitrothion and cypermethrin had an effect on the growth and development of host larvae parasitized by C. kariyai, but in M. pulchricornis caused low mortality on day 3 and later after parasitization. Pyriproxyfen had no effect on the growth and development of C. kariyai, but inhibited the adult eclosion of M. pulchricornis even when the parasitized hosts were treated with 50 ppm (less than LD10 to unparasitized hosts). Paraffin sections revealed developmental malformations in the abdomen during the pupal stage of M. pulchricornis endoparasitoid. Pyridalyl had a strong effect on larval emergence of C. kariyai from the host during early stages (until day 7 postparasitization), because parasitoid larvae did not grow as lepidopteran larvae became motionless after pyridalyl treatment and could not eat. On the other hand, pyridalyl at LD50 has a little effect on larval emergence and adult eclosion of M. pulchricornis. Gregarious and solitary endoparasitoids showed different sensitivity to four individual insecticides.

nippon nōyaku gakkaishi

Different responses of a solitary (Meteorus pulchricornis) and a gregarious (Cotesia kariyai) endoparasitoid to four insecticides in the host Pseudaletia separata