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One of the germination stimulants for root parasitic weeds produced by maize ( Zea mays ) was isolated and named methyl zealactonoate ( 1 ). Its structure was determined to be methyl (2 E ,3 E )-4-(( RS )-3,3-dimethyl-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-2-yl)-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-2-(((( R )-4-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofran-2-yl)oxy)methylene)but-3-enoate using by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and ESI and EI-MS spectrometry. Feeding experiments with 13 C-carlactone (CL), a biosynthetic intermediate for strigolactones, confirmed that 1 is produced from CL in maize. Methyl zealactonoate strongly elicits Striga hermonthica and Phelipanche ramosa seed germination, while Orobanche minor seeds are 100-fold less sensitive to this stimulant.

Methyl zealactonoate, a novel germination stimulant for root parasitic weeds produced by maize