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This paper demonstrates the results of the study of the sensor based on the resonator with the lateral electric field made of the ceramic PZT for measuring the conductivity of the contacting liquid. This sensor is made of the PZT ceramic plate of 3.54 mm thickness with shear dimension of 20×18 mm.Two electrodes with the gap width of 4 mm are deposited on one side of the plate. The sensor features the 4 ml plexiglass container, the bottom of which is a resonator. The measured frequency dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the electrical impedance shows three resonances at frequencies of 68.7, 97.8, and 264 kHz. Aqueous solutions of sodium chloride are prepared with different conductivities in the range 3.2 – 9000 μS/cm. We have measured the frequency dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the sensor electric impedance with the liquid of different conductivity. The maximum value of the real part of the electric impedance monotonically decreases and reaches saturation for each resonance peak with increasing liquid conductivity. Theoretical analysis of influence of liquid conductivity on resonator impedance was also performed using equivalent circuit with two parallel branches. First branch included active and reactive resistors that corresponded to excitation of acoustic wave. The second branch includes the static capacitance of the resonator. We describe the presence of the conductive liquid by means of the leakage resistance connected with the capacitance in parallel. We underline that theoretical and experimental dependences are in a good agreement. Therefore the resonator with the lateral electric field based on the ceramic PZT shows high sensitivity to the changes in the conductivity of the liquid due to the high value of the coefficient of the electromechanical coupling. The sensor with liquid presence compared to the sensor made of lithium niobate with a longitudinal acoustic wave has a higher quality factor. We conclude that in the resonator made of piezoceramics, the shear component of the mechanical displacement is prevailing and does not lead to radiation losses.

Liquid sensor based on a piezoelectric resonator with a lateral electric field made of piezo-ceramics PZT