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Today, religions in most countries in the world are involved in political activities, directly or indirectly influencing citizens’ perceptions of state legitimacy. In actively investigating alternative strategies for maintaining their media presence, religions enthusiastically adopt electronic and digital media technologies, thereby reconfiguring traditional practices of religious mediation. While approaches to teaching religion in public schools and higher educational institutions can take various forms, the increased involvement of religion in the public sphere can be understood in the context of ongoing changes in value systems. This indicates the importance of placing appropriate emphasis on the agency of religious interest groups from both conceptual and empirical perspectives. The respective role of various religions in public spaces is highly dependent on the historical-cultural background of the particular religion in the given state (although this can change over time); moreover, a religion that is considered to be in the majority in one setting, could be a minority in another, and vice versa. Thus, the question facing contemporary research into religion and society includes a consideration of how the new situation should be understood, studied and analysed. Generally speaking, relations between religious majorities and minorities, which form the major focus of the current issue of Changing Societies & Personalities, depend on the socio-historical context of a particular country. No agreement has so far been reached among scholars concerning the definition of majority/minority. In this respect, various aspects of the problem have been considered, including size, minority-to-majority ratio, objective and subjective criteria, minorities’ origin and nationality. Some scholars argue that the very distinction between majority and minority almost automatically imports discrimination, thus leading to disadvantaging certain actors in the public sphere. Indeed, distinguishing groups, which are dangerous to a society and should be subject to state control, is an incredibly challenging task. In addition, the historical majority/minority ratio depends on migration processes, i.e. on the global expansion of religions from those countries, in which they constitute the majority religion, to nations, in which they become one of the many minority religions. At the same time, immigrant groups that are religious minorities in their countries of

Majority/Minority Dichotomy in Religions: Theoretical Reflections and Social Practices