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Material for the study: 637 sputum samples from 171 children of the intensive care unit, including from the department of pathology of newborns and premature infants; scrapes from the throat, nose and hands of 53 medical staff; 86 scrapes from the surfaces of the environment. Research methods: bacteriological and MALDI-TOF/MS (Bruker Daltonics). It was found that 30 species of bacteria were isolated from children, including: Staphylococcus aureus (10%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7%), Streptococcus pneumoniae 7%), Enterococcus faecium (2%). S. aureus (45%), S. epidermidis (90%), S. pneumoniae (17%), K. pneumoniae (6%) were isolated from medical personnel serving these children. Staphylococci of different species with the highest proportion of S. epidermidis (21%) were isolated from 50% of environmental objects. Most often they were isolated in newborns (16%), less often in children aged 1 month to 1 year (10%), in children 1–3 years (8%), in children older than 3 years (1%). These data indicate a contact-household route of transmission of infection caused by S. epidermidis. The frequent occurrence of S. aure us and S. pneumoniae in children and medical personnel in the absence of these bacteria in the environment indicates the role of resuscitation department staff as a source of these infections. Bacteria K. pneumoniae and E. faecium are isolated from both children, medical personnel and environmental objects. All of the above bacteria were well subjected to destruction by disinfectants. After reorganization activities in the department, the proportion of positive bacterial seeding decreased significantly. However, the study found that Bacillus cereus strains isolated from newborn infants (6%) and from medical and general-purpose equipment are resistant to all disinfectants used in the department. As a result of the research, the drugs to which the isolated bacilli are sensitive were selected. Thus, continuous monitoring of the microbiota, the study of its characteristics and the epidemiological approach to assessing the situation can significantly reduce or avoid the development of infections associated with the provision of medical care.

ETHICS OF VACCINATION AS THE CRITERIA OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND HUMANISTIC APPROACH