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Purpose: Three management options for the treatment of Early Pregnancy Loss (EPL) exist: (i) surgery, (ii) expectant management, and (iii) medical management. Our aim was to identify relevant criteria for women to make a management decision. Patients and methods: Our triangulation approach comprise a systematic review of the qualitative and quantitative literature on management preferences of women with EPL and a focus group to verify the literature findings. Results: Nine potentially relevant decision criteria could be identified: avoidance of inpatient treatment with anaesthesia and surgery, avoidance of injuries at uterus and cervix, avoidance of blood transfusions, avoidance of drug side effects, avoidance of bleeding and pain, Experience EPL as natural process, avoidance of seeing the foetus, Avoidance of uncertainty when the abortion takes place, and have a short period of EPL completion. It was shown that the qualitative literature reported more criteria than those used in published quantitative preference elicitation studies. These were especially psychological criteria and criteria concerning the respective setting. Conclusion: Evidence synthesis from qualitative and quantitative literature and a focus group interview could identify relevant criteria for decision-making on management options in case of EPL. It is important to include the women’s perspective into the criteria selection. *Correspondence to: Charalabos-Markos Dintsios, Centre for Health and Society, Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, Tel: +49 211 8116664, Fax +49 211 8119778, E-mail: dintsios@hhu.de

frontiers in women's health

Evidence synthesis from a qualitative and a quantitative systematic literature review combined with a focus group interview to identify relevant criteria for decision-making on management options for early pregnancy loss