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The treatment of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology patients requires a comprehensive understanding of the psychological and social complexity of this group. Psychosocial support is often coupled with clinical treatment, but there are still unmet needs within this population regarding relevant information, mental health counseling, practical resources, and others. A significant gap in available clinical trials and participation in clinical trials has prevented progress in clinical treatment of Adolescent and Young Adults with cancer. A review of pertinent literature on psychosocial needs and oncology clinical trials was conducted in order to examine any relationship between unmet needs and clinical trial participation. Adolescent and Young Adults with cancer who have symptoms of unmet psychosocial needs experience a lower participation rate of clinical trials. This suggests that an increase in available psychosocial resources and delivery of these resources to patients will increase clinical trial participation, furthering the clinical treatment capabilities of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncologists and increasing survival rates. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in both developed and underdeveloped countries and receives a substantial amount of attention and effort from the medical field. In oncology, the medical study of cancer, these advances have increased survivorship of pediatric patients aged one to fourteen from 28% to nearly 80% over the past 40 years. 1 The following population of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) between the ages of 15 and 39, however, have not benefited from medical advancements to the extent of older and younger populations; five year survival rates of AYAs diagnosed with cancer have increased minimally between 1975 and 1997, despite having 8 times the incidence of cancer than the pediatric population. 2 Due to the gap in survival rates between these populations, a new subspecialty in oncology has emerged: Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology (AYAO). Specialists in this field are conducting research that addresses the unique and markedly heterogeneous psychosocial needs of the population, and the duration and quality of life of AYA cancer patients via biological understanding. 2,3,4 In this analysis, I will examine the relevant literature and address the following question: How can AYA providers use information on the psychosocial needs of AYAs to increase survival rates for the population? By addressing the unmet psychosocial needs of the population, oncologists will be able to increase adherence rates, participation in clinical trials, and quality of life both during and after treatment.

The Impact of Psychosocial Needs of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients: An Analysis of Clinical Trial Participation and Adherence