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i DEDICATION  iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v LIST OF TABLES  xii LIST OF FIGURES xiv ABBREVIATIONS  xvii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Background 1 1.2 Research Problem and Motivation 4 1.3 Research Gap  10 1.4 Research Scope  12 1.5 The Dissertation Map  17 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW  19 2.1 Project Cost and Schedule  19 2.1.1 Overview  19 2.1.2 Over Budget and Schedule – Actual Cases  20 2.1.3 Projects Delay or Budget Overruns – Issues and Causes  24 2.1.4 Project Success – On Budget and Time or Early Delivered  29 2.2 Value Optimization and Performance Measurement  32 2.2.1 Overview  32 2.2.2 The Concept of Value 34 2.2.3 Research Approach regarding Value Optimization  36 2.3 Project Development Process  39 2.3.1 State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) Project Delivery  39 2.3.2 Comparison of DOTs Project Delivery Process  40 2.3.3 Characteristics of Assessment Tools Value Optimization Approach  42 viii 2.4 Gap Analysis  45 CHAPTER THREE: PROJECT MANAGEMENT TOOLS, TECHNIQUES, AND DECISION-MAKING METHODS  49 3.

Evaluating Project Assessment Techniques for High-Profile Transportation Projects Development and Delivery: Case of State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the United States