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In urban landscapes that have been managed to promote wildlife it is important for independent study of the fauna to understand, the frequently difficult to ascertain, impacts of this management. Applied and basic research on birds in cities is frequently restricted to parks and greenspaces, ignoring most of the urban matrix. In Portland Oregon this is no less the case, and we have limited knowledge of how Portland’s avifauna is distributed across the city in relation to human population density, the built urban environment, or the urban living environment. To redress this situation, I used a randomized sampling of the birds of Portland, from 73 locations. At each point I conducted counts of birds in 2013 and 2014 to examine total avian abundance, species richness and diversity in relation to landcover and human demographic data. I used analysis of variance to compare avian community metrics and landscape structure among different regions of the city. I then used best subsets regression analysis to identify the primary determinants of variation in abundance, richness and diversity among survey points. Total avian abundance and diversity varied along common lines of 8 urbanization, with greater abundance and more diverse samples in areas with less impervious surface, fewer humans and greater canopy cover. Species richness varied in a similar fashion, but much less, as urban tolerant species replaced urban intolerant ones while total number of species remained constant. Analysis of encounter rate of individual species among points identified tree cover as the primary correlate for most species, suggesting that efforts to increase tree cover in the landscape matrix will likely promote diverse avian communities.

Understanding the Impacts of Urbanization on the Avian Community of Portland Oregon and Evaluation of the Portland Oregon Backyard Habitat Certification Program