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Silicon (Si) enhances plant resistance to various forms of stress. However, the availability of Si as a plant nutrient is frequently limited. Bryophytes are able to grow on the surface of rocks and buildings with high Si accumulation. Therefore, bryophyte rhizoids might harbor microorganisms capable of solubilizing Si. In this study, silicate solubilizing bacteria (SSB) were isolated from the rhizoids of the bryophyte Hypnum plumaeforme L. to examine their effects on Si weathering and growth of maize (Zea mays L.). Molecular phylogeny and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the dominant bacterial strain B1-5 was a member of the Kosakonia genus. The concentrations of soluble Si released from the feldspar and quartz powder in liquid media with strain B1-5 inoculation were higher than those of the control. B1-5 inoculation in pot soil significantly increased the water-extractable Si content in soil, improved Si uptake and accumulation in maize plants, and promoted seedling growth. These results not only prove the existence of SSB in bryophyte rhizoids, but also demonstrate a new approach to searching for effective biological Si fertilizers.

APPLICATION OF BRYOPHYTE RHIZOID-ASSOCIATED BACTERIA INCREASES SILICON ACCUMULATION AND GROWTH IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) SEEDLINGS