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Economic growth and population agglomeration play important roles in environmental degradation. The existing research is primarily concerned with economic growth and the environment, with little attention being devoted to the context of different types of cities and urbanization. This paper attempts to examine the determinants of environmental degradation within the framework of the Human Impact, Population, Affluence and Technology (IPAT) model and further incorporate the variable of population agglomeration based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis using city-level panel data from 2003 to 2012. Our results indicate that population agglomeration has little or very small impact on environmental degradation, whereas the population size has a positive impact on environmental pollution. The EKC hypothesis is verified with the whole sample of our study; however, the situation varies for different types of cities. The results of this study can serve as a useful reference for policy makers in terms of achieving economic and environmental sustainability.

POPULATION AGGLOMERATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION: EVIDENCE FROM CHINA'S 290 CITIES DURING 2003-2012