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The rising price of petroleum in the world, combined with the increase of the fuel taxes in Romania has created a great demand for environmentally renewable energy resources. This paper presents a series of experimental research done on an experimental biodiesel installation. The author builds a small biodiesel installation in the Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Thermal Machines to investigate the reaction condition for biodiesel production. Transesterification reaction is the most common process to produce biodiesel from variety of vegetable oils and animal fat. In this paper, the transesterification reaction for production of sunflower oil methyl ester has been analyzed and the various process variables like working temperature, catalyst concentration, amount of methanol and reaction time have been optimized. The optimum conditions for transesterification of sunflower oil with methanol and NaOH as catalyst on the experimental biodiesel installation were found to be 60°C reaction temperature, 6:1 molar ratio of sunflower oil to methanol, 2 % catalyst and 2 hours reaction time.

THE INFLUENCE OF REACTION CONDITIONS ON THE TRANSESTERIFICATION OF SUNFLOWER OIL WITH METHANOL