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The removal efficiency by photolysis and advanced oxidation (AOP) of some estrogenic compounds was investigated in tap water and biologically treated sewage. The compounds investigated included parabens, industrial phenols, sunscreen chemicals and steroid estrogens. Treatment experiments were performed using a UV lamp optimized for photochemical treatment in a flow through set-up. The effect of different concentrations of H2 O2 and difference between tap water and treated sewage was investigated for all compounds. The treatment effectiveness is evaluated based on the Electrical Energy per Order (EEO) (unit kWh/111e), which is defined as the electrical energy consumed per unit volume of water treated required for 90 % removal of the investigated compound. It was found that the removal efficiency was better in tap water than in wastewater which is due to the shadow effect from the inorganic and organic substance in the wastewater. Further, it was found that the removal of all the compounds was dependent of the UV dose for both treatment methods. The energy required for 90% removal of the compounds was between 28 kWh/111e ± 2.9 (butylparaben) and 1.2 kWh/ 111e (estrone) for the UY treatment. The AOP results in a more unifom1 value of EEO, which is between 8. 7 kWh/m (bisphenol A and benzophenone-7) and 1.8 kWh/m ( I 7a-ethynyl estradiol). The removal at different concentration of H2O2 was investigated and it was found that removal effectiveness increased with concentration until 60 mg/L, but decreased at I 00 mg/L, which may be caused by H2O2 scavenging the HO'-radicals.

Photolysis and advanced oxidation treatment of estrogenic chemicals in tap water and treated sewage