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We have developed an energy approach to estimating the dynamics and fuel economy of cars that makes it possible to determine interrelation between consumption of energy and the kinetic energy of a car. We determined coefficients of the specified interrelation for basic and additional (unproductive) consumption of energy. Based on the obtained coefficients, it is possible to rank energy losses, as well as identify the ways to reduce them. As indicators of energy evaluation of the car’s dynamics, we proposed indicators of its dynamics ‒ the level of kinetic energy possessed by a vehicle at full weight and maximal motion speed; energy indicator of the car’s dynamics that can be applied as the unit for measuring energy consumption of engine, employed to move the car. The equations were derived that determine the following: a number of units of energy losses caused by the elastic and dynamic losses of car and transmission (per one meter of the distance); additional consumption of engine energy at fluctuations of the car guide wheels in the horizontal plane are caused by their imbalance. We present dependences that allowed us to do the following: determine maximal total consumption of engine energy while driving; assess a reduction in the additional costs for the motion of hybrid cars under the established mode at an increase in the share of torque generated by electric motors. The interrelations were determined between energy indicators of the dynamics and fuel economy of cars. We found that the smaller the number of units of energy consumption by engine, required to move the car, the higher energy efficiency of the vehicle. Calculation of all types of energy consumption in the units of kinetic energy of the car enables their comparison, analysis of their causes, and the identification of possible ways for their reduction. The proposed dependences could be used to determine engine energy consumption, required for the car motion, taking into account various factors. The equations derived make it possible to assess energy efficiency of the car at the stages of its design and modernization. We have shown the way to improve dynamics and fuel efficiency of a car by reducing additional losses in the vehicle transmission through the use of a combined electromechanical drive of the driving wheels. Applying energy approach allowed us, using hybrid cars as an example, to determine energy saving at their steady motion. This saving for a car with a number of cylinders of 6‒8 can reach 25‒30 %

Creation of the energy approach for estimating automobile dynamics and fuel efficiency