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Sacred forests and the global challenge of biodiversity conservation : the case of Benin and Togo Abstract In the study areas of south Benin and Togo, sacred forests are often the only remaining patches of forest vegetation. These forests are under threat from the growing demand for land and from cultural change. Following an outline of these changes since the arrival of Europeans in the region to provide historical and cultural context, the different stakeholders involved directly or indirectly in management of the sacred forests are identified. Scientific research (influenced by policies established at major international conservation meetings) preceded and accompanied actions of non-government organizations and the establishment of national environmental and cultural policies. These events have contributed to changes in the management of sacred sites and in the cultural practices of local political and religious leaders who control them. Problems of succession and a lessening of respect for religious sanctions have led to the reduction in power of the traditional leaders. In response, the government forest authorities recommend the ‘restoration' of these forest patches by tree planting. Ecotourism is also seen as a new way to conserve biodiversity. Defining the legal status of these sacred forests will necessarily strengthen the role of the State.

Sacred Forests and the Global Challenge of Biodiversity Conservation