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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efikasi vaksin “trivalen” merupakan kombinasi dari tiga jenis antigen bakteri, yaitu: Aeromonas hydrophila-AHL0905-2, Streptococcus agalactiae-N14G, dan Mycobacterium fortuitum-31 untuk pencegahan penyakit bakteri potensial pada budidaya ikan air tawar. Ikan uji menggunakan ikan lele, nila, dan gurami; di mana masing-masing jenis ikan tersebut merupakan representasi dari jenis ikan yang rentan terhadap infeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus agalactiae, dan Mycobacterium fortuitum. Perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah formulasi sediaan vaksin kombinasi “trivalen”, dengan komposisi sebagai berikut: (A) formulasi proporsional yang mengandung ketiga jenis antigen dengan perbandingan 1:1:1 (v/v), (B) formulasi non-proporsional yang mengandung ketiga jenis antigen dengan perbadingan 1:3:3 (v/v), dan (C) tanpa pemberian vaksin sebagai kontrol. Vaksinasi diberikan melalui perendaman dalam larutan vaksin “trivalen” pada konsentrasi bakteri 107 cfu/mL selama 30 menit. Efikasi vaksin dievaluasi berdasarkan sintasan pada akhir uji tantang terhadap bakteri patogen target, dan selanjutnya dihitung nilai relative percentage survival (RPS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai RPS vaksin “trivalen” dengan kombinasi proporsional pada ikan lele terhadap bakteri A. hydrophila-AHL0905-2, ikan nila terhadap bakteri S. agalactiae-N14G, ikan gurami terhadap bakteri M. fortuitum-31 dan A. hydrophila-AHL0905-2 masing-masing sebesar 44,61%; 43,30%; 17,86%; dan 45,00%. Nilai RPS vaksin kombinasi “trivalen” non-proporsional pada ikan lele terhadap bakteri A. hydrophila-AHL0905-2, ikan nila terhadap bakteri S. agalactiae-N14G, ikan gurami terhadap bakteri M. fortuitum-31 dan A. hydrophila-AHL0905-2 masing-masing sebesar 39,61%; 40,00%; 7,14%; dan 45,00%. Vaksin “trivalen” berpotensi sebagai sediaan vaksin yang dapat digunakan untuk pencegahan penyakit pada budidaya air tawar yang disebabkan oleh ko-infeksi lebih dari satu jenis bakteri patogen. The study aimed to determine the efficacious of combined “three-valent” vaccine composed of three bacterial antigen for the prevention of bacterial diseases on freshwater aquaculture has been carried out at laboratory level. The study used catfish, tilapia, and giant goramy; that are representative of susceptible species against Aeromonas hydrophila infection, Streptococcus agalactiae infection, and Mycobacterium fortuitum infection. The treatments applied in this study included: (A). Proporsional formula of combined “three-valent” vaccine composed of three bacterial antigens at the ratio of 1:1:1 (v/v), (B). Non-proportional formula composed of three bacterial antigens at the ratio of 1:3:3 (v/v), and (C). Un-vaccinated group as a control. The vaccine was applied through immersion at the dose of 107 cfu/mL vaccine solution for 30 minutes. Vaccine efficacious was evaluated based on survival rate after challenge test against targetted pathogens, and then the relative percentage survival (RPS) was calculated. The study results revealed that the RPS values of proportional combined vaccine on catfish against A. hydrophila-AHL0905-2, on tilapia against S. agalactiae-N14G, on goramy against M. fortuitum-31 and A. hydrophila-AHL0905-2 were 44.61%; 43.30%, 17.86%, and 45.00% respectively. RPS values of non-proportional combined vaccine on catfish against A. hydrophila-AHL0905-2, on tilapia against S. agalactiae-N14G, on goramy against M. fortuitum-31 and A. hydrophila-AHL0905-2 are 39.61%; 40.00%, 7.14%, and 45.00% respectively. “Trivalent” vaccine is a promising combined-fish vaccine which can be used for prevention of bacterial fish diseases caused by co-infection of more than one type of pathogenic bacteria.

jurnal riset akuakultur/jurnal riset akuakultur

EFIKASI VAKSIN KOMBINASI “TRIVALEN” (Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus agalactiae, DAN Mycobacterium fortuitum) UNTUK PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT BAKTERI POTENSIAL PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN AIR TAWAR