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Background and Aims Endogenous gaseous substances, such as NO and CO have been found to be effective vasodilators earlier. H 2 S has been identified as an additional one, however, for that substance both vasodilatory and vasoconstrictor responses have been described in different vascular territories. Our aim was to examine the effect of hydrogen sulfide on the tone of cerebral arterioles and some aspects of its mechanism. Methods The work was performed on excised rat anterior cerebral artery segments in vitro (diameter range 150–250 µm), using a pressure myograph system. We used NaHS as exogenous H 2 S donor, propargylglycine (PAG) to abolish the endogenous synthesis of hydrogen sulfide and 4,4′-Diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid (DIDS) to examine the potential role of Cl − /HCO 3 -  exchanger in the effects of H 2 S. The time course of the events after application of exogenous H 2 S was also evaluated. Results Our findings revealed that in these pathologically important vessels  (1)  endogenously produced H 2 S is not a vasodilator, but a moderate vasoconstrictor;  (2)  H 2 S has a biphasic effect: low concentrations are moderate vasoconstrictors, while at higher concentrations the initial contraction is followed by dilatation;  (3)  that vasodilation is prevented by DIDS (4,4′-Diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid disodium, an inhibitor of the Cl − /HCO 3 -  exchanger). Conclusion These studies confirm that H 2 S should be taken into consideration as a modulator of cerebral arteriolar tone in mammals.

The effect of hydrogen sulfide on the contractility of cerebral arterioles. A pilot study