English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Összefoglaló.  A szabad mozgás és tartózkodás joga az uniós polgárságalapintézményének egyik leglényegesebb eleme. A 2020-ban kirobbant koronavírusvilágjárvány következtében az Európai Unió tagállamai az Európai Uniótörténetében először kénytelenek voltak radikális, korábban nem alkalmazotteszközökkel korlátozni a szabad mozgás és tartózkodás jogát annak érdekében,hogy megakadályozzák a vírus terjedését. A tanulmány keretében a COVID–19világjárvány miatt bevezetett korlátozások alapulvételével annak vizsgálatárakerül sor, hogy a szabad mozgás joga közegészségügyi okból történő korlátozásamilyen sajátosságokkal bír más, az Európai Unió alapszerződéseiben ugyancsaknevesített kivételekhez (közrend, közbiztonság) képest. A tanulmány ugyancsakvizsgálja azt a kérdést, hogy az Európai Unió által kibocsátott digitáliszöldútlevél (vakcinaigazolvány) a Sinopharm és Szputynik-V vakcinával beoltottuniós polgárok számára is biztosítandó-e az uniós jog rendelkezései alapján. Summary.  The right of free movement of EU citizens is thecornerstone of Union citizenship. To control the spread of coronavirus(COVID-19) and to protect the health and well-being of all Europeans, MemberStates gave a surprisingly quick response, taking unilateral restrictivemeasures affecting the operation of the internal market in an unprecedented way.On the one hand they have implemented serious travel restrictions at internalborders of the EU. On the other hand, several States have coupled travelbans/restrictions with a temporary reintroduction of border controls at theirborders with other Members of the Schengen Area. During the first wave of thepandemic, altogether 17 Schengen States sent notifications regarding thereintroduction of border controls, which is particularly disheartening giventhat the lifting of EU internal border controls in the Schengen Area is one ofthe integration’s greatest achievements. There is no doubt that the Member States’ restrictions on free movement detailedin the paper are well-founded from the point of view of both publicinternational law and European law. As to how they should be put into practice:that is another issue. Still, it is the preferential role of free movement as apart of integration that requires a deeper examination of controversial measuresto ascertain whether these are in compliance with EU legal principles. Among theelements to be reviewed are proportionality and the prohibition ondiscrimination. It is beyond doubt that COVID-19 can definitely be regarded as a ‘disease withepidemic potential’ that can justify restrictions on free movement. However, thequestion arises whether Article 29 TFEU provides for the introduction of publichealth restrictions with general effect. In other words, does it allow forrestrictions not based on individual assessment, as opposed to individualthreats to public policy and public security? In answering the above questionthe paper puts a special emphasis on the delimitation of Member States’ publichealth and public policy/security justifications. At the time of writing (June 2021) several Member States have already started toissue EU Covid-19 passports. The article also seeks answer to the questionwhether the Digital Green Certificate could (or, at least, should) be providedfor Union citizens vaccinated with Sinopharm or Sputnik-V (vaccines approved byHungary as a Member State, under European Union law).

Az Európai Unió és a tagállamok válasza a COVID–19 pandémiára – a szabad mozgás jogának közegészségügyi korlátozásai