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In recent years antibiotic-resistant bacteria including those producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases increase, which could affect their pathogencity and lead to many disease in both humans and animals. Enterobacteriaceae commonly express plasmid-encoded β-lactamases family like TEM-1 gene, which encodes resistance to penicillin in Escherichia coli. Insects, especially cockroaches, are important vectors to spread these bacteria in human living environmment. The present study was performed to evaluate the frequency of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing gene TEM-1 and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli strains isolated from cockroaches in Iran using antibiogram and molecular techniques. In this study, 110 cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) were collected from residential environments in Chahrmahal Va Bakhtiari province (Southwest Iran) and after bacterial culture on specific media the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated Escherichia coli strains from cockroaches were evaluated by disk diffusion test and molecular assay. The amplification of TEM-1 gene by PCR revealed a 296 bp fragment on gel electrophoresis. The results of the present research showed that Escherichia coli infection was detected in 84 samples (76.36%) and 11 samples had the TEM-1 gene (10%). The antibiotic susceptibility pattern using the disk diffusion test indicated that most Escherichia coli isolates from cockroaches were sensitive to imipenem (100%) and amikacin (87.8%), while resistance to aztreonam, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone was 88.1%, 80.5%, and 78.2%, respectively. These findings showed that cockroaches are important agents for transmission of Enterobacteriaceae and that extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing genes like TEM-1 by Escherichia coli could increase the gastrointestinal infections and antibiotic resistance. So, antibacterial drugs such as aztreonam, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone must be used with caution, while imipenem and amikacin antibiotics are helpful to reduce Escherichia coli infection caused by cockroaches. © 2016, Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine. All rights reserved.

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of escherichia coli isolates from cockroaches in southwestern Iran