English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Dignāga classifies inference into two kinds: inference for one’s own sake (svārthānumāna) and inference for the sake of others (parārthānumāna). Inference for one’s own sake is the cognition of an object (artha), i.e. the logical consequence to be demonstrated, through a mark (liṅga) which possesses the three characteristics of a valid reason (trairūpya), namely, the three conditions for a valid reason. 1 While inference for one’s own sake is the cognition of a logical conclusion derived from a valid reason, inference for the sake of others is the verbal expression of a reason. 2 Though the definitions of these types of inference differ, the essential factor which establishes them does not. This essential factor for the derivation of the consequence in both inferences is the reason fulfilling the three conditions for a valid reason. The first of the three conditions requires that the reason be present in the subject of inference (dharmin). In order to examine how the reason * I would like to express my thanks to Mr. Roland Playle, who kindly corrected my English, and to the editorial staff of the WZKS.  Research for this article has been made possible by a grant in support of research in a special subject area (International Joint Research) of Waseda University, 2001-2002.

The Pramānaviniścaya on the Purpose of the Division of Reasons into Nine Types in the Hetucakra