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espanolIntroduccion. El ojo de gallo causado por Mycena citricolor esta entre las principales enfermedades del cafeto en Costa Rica. Se presentan ataques ciclicos, aproximadamente cada catorce anos, relacionados con el aumento de las precipitaciones y el inoculo. Objetivo. Determinar el impacto de la hojarasca y del inoculo primario sobre la epidemiologia de esta enfermedad. Materiales y metodos. En cafetales ubicados en la region cafetalera de Tarrazu, Costa Rica, se valoro el efecto de la eliminacion manual de las hojas enfermas adheridas a la planta y de la capa de hojas caidas, sobre la epidemia de ojo de gallo en los anos 2013 y 2014. Se evaluaron 1200 bandolas en un experimento de parcelas divididas, donde los cuatro tratamientos se obtuvieron por la combinacion de los niveles “con y sin” para cada factor. Se describio la enfermedad mediante la cuantificacion del numero de hojas enfermas, lesiones y geminiferos. Se construyeron las curvas de desarrollo de la enfermedad y se calculo el area bajo la curva para cada variable. Se calculo el crecimiento y defoliacion de las plantas de cafe. Resultados. Con base en la curva de incidencia de la enfermedad para cada tratamiento en cada ano, se determino que el crecimiento logistico de las epidemias es el modelo de mejor ajuste. Las tasas de infeccion aparente (r) fueron cercanas a 0,04 unidades por dia en 2013 y no hubo diferencia estadistica significativa en las epidemias desarrolladas; pero si para el 2014, donde variaron entre 0,03 y 0,05. Se observo un efecto principal del factor inoculo inicial sobre la presencia o ausencia de hojarasca. Conclusion. La hojarasca no tuvo efecto significativo en el desarrollo de la epidemia de ojo de gallo. Esta es la primera investigacion que determina el impacto de posibles fuentes de inoculo distintas a las lesiones presentes en hojas de cafe. EnglishIntroduction. The American leaf spot caused by Mycena citricolor is among the main coffee diseases in Costa Rica. Cyclic attacks occur approximately every fourteen years, related to increased rainfall and inoculum. Objective. Determine the impact of litterfall and primary inoculum on the epidemiology of this disease. Materials and methods. In coffee plantations located in the coffee region of Tarrazu, Costa Rica, the effect of the manual elimination of diseased leaves attached to the plant and the layer of fallen leaves on the American leaf spot epidemic in 2013 and 2014 was assessed. 1200 branches were evaluated in an experiment of divided plots, where the four treatments were obtained by combining the “with and without” levels for each factor. The disease was described by quantifying the number of diseased leaves, lesions, and geminifers. The disease development curves were constructed and the area under the curve was calculated for each variable. The growth and defoliation of coffee plants was calculated. Results. Based on the disease incidence curve for each treatment in each year, it was determined that the logistic growth of epidemics is the best fit model. The rates of apparent infection (r) were close to 0.04 units per day in 2013 and there was no significant statistical difference in the developed epidemics; but for 2014, where they varied between 0.03 and 0.05. A main effect of the initial inoculum factor was observed on the presence or absence of litterfall. Conclusion. Litterfall had no significant effect on the development of the American leaf spot epidemic. This is the first investigation that determines the impact of possible sources of inoculum other than the lesions present in coffee leaves.

Hojarasca e inóculo de Mycena citricolor sobre la epidemia de ojo de gallo