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The Spanish nove!, which began showing signs of revival after 1833, was reborn during a time of great social and political upheaval. Romantic writers, seeing themse1ves on the threshold of a new age, reacted in one of two ways: they either took refuge in nature and in the exoticism of passed eras or faced the issues realistically. This duality is found in the novel: romantic fiction reflected a desire for escapism in historical romances and adventure novels while realistic fiction showed an interest in novels based on contemporary customs, The more liberal climate which prevailed after the death of Ferdinand VII and the long neglected problems which required immediate attention made these early Realists morally and socially conscious. In spite of the Romantic mood of the times, the intellectual elite of Isabeline Spain were rationalists who believed in the perfectibility of man and in the role of literature to achieve this end. The literary criticism between 1833 and 1850 stresses the utilitarian function of the novel and its transcendental value.' Novels of this type were known as novelas filosóficas or transcendentales, and their aim was to paint an objective picture of contemporary Spanish society.

LAS DOS ESPAÑAS: TWO APPROACHES IN THE NOVEL OF THE 1840’S