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Physical and chemical activation methods were used to prepare two different activated carbons (ACs) from castor de-oiled cake. H 2 O/CO 2  mixture was used as the physical activating agent, and for chemical activation potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ) was used. For both materials, textural and chemical properties were characterized by N 2  adsorption–desorption isotherms, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal programmed reduction (TPR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ACs were used as supports for NiMo sulfide catalysts, which were prepared by wetness impregnation and in-situ sulfided for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol (GUA) as a model compound of bio-oil. The HDO reaction was carried out in a typical batch reactor at 5 MPa of H 2  and 350 °C. Under the same test conditions, commercial catalysts were also tested in the reaction. Although the commercial catalysts displayed higher GUA conversion, the prepared catalysts showed higher activity and non-oxygenated and saturated products yield.

HDO del guaiacol mediante el uso de catalizadores NiMo soportados sobre carbón activado obtenido a partir de la torta de higuerilla