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Diabetes mellitus (or simply diabetes) is a long-lasting disorder of food metabolism characterized by hyperglycemia, originating due to defect in insulin secretion, insulin function or both leading to tissue and vascular damage and resulting in a variety of complications (Bastaki, 2005; Cade, 2008; Grewal et al., 2014; Grewal et al., 2016). It is currently one of the largest global health emergencies; according to the International Diabetes Federation, in 2017 there were 425 million adults estimated to have diabetes, and the number is likely to reach 629 million by 2045 (IDF). Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affecting more than 90% of all the diabetic patients, is a long-term disordered food metabolism caused by declined insulin action (Kohei, 2010; Olokoba et al., 2012). Although a variety of medicines are available for T2D therapeutics, no single drug is useful for achieving long-term control of normal blood glucose levels in majority of patients. Due to this reason, general practitioners prescribe combination of antidiabetic agents for T2D therapy and overdose of antidiabetic medicines could lead to severe hypoglycemia resulting in brutal toxic and side effects. This caused the scientific community to search for new antidiabetic drugs (Olokoba et al., 2012; Osadebe et al., 2014). Large numbers of plants and parts of plants were reported with their antidiabetic properties. Various types of plant-derived active principles representing several bioactive compounds have established their beneficial role for possible use in T2D therapeutics (Patil et al., 2011; Ibrahim et al., 2013; Kumar et al., 2012). Syzygium cumini (Linn.) is an economically important tropical fruit tree belonging to the family Myrtaceae largely grown in Indian subcontinent along with some other parts of South Asia including Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan, Burma and Indonesia. It is also cultivated in some parts of Africa and South America (Swami et al., 2012; Srivastava and Chandra, 2013). It is commonly known as jamun in India, black plum in Europe, jambolan in Spanish spoken countries, and Jambolac in Brazil. It is also known as java plum, Indian blackberry, Portuguese plum, Malabar plum, purple plum, Jamaica and damson plum (Ayyanar and Subash-Babu, 2012; Chagas et al., 2015). Various types of secondary metabolites like flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, catechin, kaempferol, myricetin, isoquercetin, Molecular Docking Studies of Phenolic Compounds from Syzygium cumini with Multiple Targets of Type 2 Diabetes