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Suburbanization is most often characterized as a process of moving city dwellers to the city suburbs or into the surrounding rural village settlements. The beginnings of this process occurred in Slovakia since the nineties of the 20th century. Apart from the seventies and eighties, when people moved into cities, in the nineties the concentration tendencies began gradually to change and the deconcentration tendencies started to manifest themselves by moving the city population to the countryside. The villages, where the processes of suburbanization exhibit themselves most sharply, are located in the hinterland of the largest Slovak towns. The process of suburbanization is linked with agglomeration tendencies, too – the nuclear town attracts into its hinterland immigrants from distant regions (Sopirová, 2011). In Slovakia, the processes of suburbanization and agglomeration are most characteristic for the villages in the hinterland of the capital Bratislava. Negative aspects of suburbanisation processes, for example conflicts with interests of landscape protection, agricultural land preservation, or changes of the character and identity of the rural landscapes and rural settlements (Štěpánková and Bihuňová, 2013), etc., belong to the most discussed topics in contemporary urban and landscape planning (Štěpánková and Kristiánová, 2012). Suburbanization and agglomeration processes cause rapid growth of the rural village settlements around nuclei towns and cause significant changes of the village settlements urban structure, especially on borders, in the landscape contact areas (Sopirová, 2011). The design of the urban spatial forms of suburban residential housing often does not meet the desires “to get closer to nature” (Vitková and Kollár, 2007). The processes of suburban residential development also significantly affect the character of vegetation structures typical for village settlements, which are traditionally perceived as a factor in a significant way creating genius loci, or identity of „rurality” associated with village settlements. Vegetation, greenery of family private gardens, cemeteries, churches, school campuses, vegetation of historic parks and gardens, landscape greenery of surrounding countryside infiltrating into urban structure, etc., creates an essential part of the traditional heterogeneous multifunctional urban structure of rural settlement (Gécová, 2013). However, the characteristic feature of the new development of suburban residential structures is the homogeneity of mono-functional small-sized private residential parcels and the absence of public space and its diversity (Štěpánková and Kristiánová, 2012). We presume that these characteristics of urban structure influence the characteristics of vegetation structures in rural suburban residential areas. The architectural and urban design characteristics of the rural suburban residential areas predetermine the possibilities of woody plants – trees existence within the urban spatial structure. We presume that the spatial limits of small-sized parcels of suburban residential zones, limited spatial dimensions of streets and absence of diverse public spaces markedly limit the opportunities and possibilities of woody plants – trees existence within the urban spatial structure and the use of woody plants – trees in landscape design. TREES IN URBAN STRUCTURE OF RURAL RESIDENTIAL SUBURBS – THE CASE OF BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA

Trees in urban structure of rural residential suburbs – the case of Bratislava, Slovakia