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On the evening of August 11, 2013, a severe thunderstorm passed over Takasaki and Maebashi City in Gunma Prefecture, Japan, causing extensive wind damage due to gusts. Changes in surface weather elements associated with the gusts were recorded by the dense network of surface meteorological observation stations (“POTEKA”), which the compact weather stations were set up at primary schools and convenience stores. We examined the development and propagation of a gust front and a downburst by analyzing the characteristics of the pressure field recorded by the POTEKA network. Temporal changes in surface pressure observed in the damaged area were characterized by two episodes of marked increases in atmospheric pressure. The propagation of two marked increases in pressure (0.5 to 1.5 hPa for peak 1, 1.5 to 2.5 hPa for peak 2) was revealed and a cold-air depth of 200 to 600 m and an average propagation speed of 10 ms-1. Based on the time of damage and meteorological observations, the second increase in pressure coincided with the occurrence of both damage and a gust. On the basis of the POTEKA data, the cause of the damage was attributed to the downburst.

Observation of downburst event in Gunma prefecture on August 11, 2013 using a surface dense observation network