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In order to identify the long span reliability of vacuum gap insulation under continuous AC voltage application, characteristics of breakdown strength versus breakdown time (long time E-t characteristics) were measured for a uniform and a non-uniform field gap. The breakdown strength of these gaps before the discharge conditioning treatments did not depend on breakdown time. However, after the discharge conditioning treatments, the breakdown strength became describable as an experimental formula E=A ・ t 1 / n. The value of drop index (life index) n in the formula was a maximum of 75 for the uniform field gap, while a maximum of 25 for the non-uniform field gap. In addition, with repeating the discharge conditioning treatment, the long time E-t characteristics of both gaps shifted to higher electric field. In particular, the value of n for the uniform field gap became larger. Breakdown modes (failure modes) of these gaps before and after the discharge conditioning treatments, evaluated by the value of shape parameter m in Weibull probability distribution function, were classified into decreasing failure rate mode and constant failure rate mode, respectively.

Breakdown Characteristics of Vacuum Gaps under Continuous AC Voltage Application and their Improvements by means of Discharge Conditionings