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Laser interference fringe patterns and shadowgraphs were obtained with a minimum exposure time of 200 ns using an acousto-optic laser deflector. In this method, a high frequency signal is applied to an acousto-optic crystal, which diffracts incident laser light. By blocking the undiffracted light and imaging the diffracted light by a CCD camera, the intensity distribution of the incident laser light can be imaged. The exposure time is determined by the width of the high frequency signal applied to the acousto-optic crystal. Since the frequency response of the crystal is DC-10 MHz, the minimum exposure time is 100 ns. This method was applied to measurement of shock waves generated by laser-induced breakdown in air. The experimental configuration in the case of laser interferometry measurement is shown in Fig. 1(a). Laser 1 is a continuous wave Nd:YAG laser, of wavelength 532 nm and output power 150 mW, and was used as the light source for the Mach-Zender interferometer. Laser 2 is a Q-switched, pulsed Nd:YAG laser, of wavelength 532 nm, repetition rate 10 Hz, and maximum output energy 100 mJ/pulse, and was used to generate laser-induced breakdown. Laser interference fringe patterns at various delay times relative to breakdown were obtained at an exposure time of 200 ns. In the case of shadowgraph measurement, the reference beam of the interferometer was removed and only the probe beam was used, as shown in Fig. 1(b). Due to stray laser light resulting from partial reflection from the lens and mirrors, shadowgraphs were obtained at a minimum exposure time of 300 ns.

Measurement of Shock Waves Using an Acousto-Optic Laser Deflector