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Skin color is a clinical parameter of great importance to the dermatology and cosmetic scientist. Since color is subjective sensory and neurophysiological perception by a person, the evaluation of color is highly observer dependent. The most studied and explored field is color assessment, which is achieved either by reflectance spectrophotometry of the optical spectrum of visible light reflected by the skin, or by reflectance tristimulus colorimetry. Skin generally is not a homogeneous surface structure, with hair, blood vessels, biemishes spots, hypoand hyperpigmentation spots, and scars. These methods give quantitative information on the color but are limited to a small analysis surface. In order to avoid these constrains we studied the development of several applications; we used image analysis, which is commonly used in dermatology either to assist diagnosis of erythema and pigmented skin lesions or to evaluate the topography of human skin. This technique allows us to study skin areas of various sizes, to take measurements without any contact with the skin and to analyze the image pixel by pixel, providing quantitative information according to localization. A new imaging colorimeter based on a charge coupled device (CCD) color camera with tristumulus color analysis, has been developed in order to overcome the drawbacks and ploblems of earlier colorimeters. Figure 1 shows the experimental system. Combining imaging and colorimetry method, the acquired image is calibrated and corrected, under several ambient light conditions, providing non contact reproducible color measurements, free of the errors and the limitations present in conventional colorimeters. This instrument combines tristimulus color analysis with full color visualization of the skin area measured. Quantitative colorimetric requires the transformation of the RGB components obtained by a video color camera into CIE-LAB colorimetric space. The expression of each coordinate of the L*a*b* space according to RGB was carried out by a statistical method of polynomial approximations. The technique has been used in hospital clinics for a wide variety of patients. In the field of the dermatology in recent years, new cure technology such as the laser cure, the chemical pea ring is introduced and the judgment of the cure effect becomes an important element. Medical lasers potentially hazardous and should be operated by personnel familiar with the principles and practice of laser treatment. Advances low energy lasers have increased the safety and popularity of skin resurfacing adding to established treatments such as dermabrasion and chemical peels. The constant technological improvement of software and video color cameras makes image analysis a good technology for the quantitative assessment of properties and visual effects of diagnosis evaluations. These features highlight the potential of the imaging colorimeters as clinical and research tools for the standardization of clinical diagnosis and for the objective evaluation of treatment effectiveness.

Development of an Image Colorimeter for Noncontact Skin Color Measurement and Application to the Dermatological Treatment