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AbstrakKeterlibatan biofilm pada infeksi kronis dan pada permukaan peralatan medis selalu menjadi wacana penting bagi kesehatan umum di dunia. Biofilm bakteri berkaitan dengan tingkat resistensi terhadap antibiotik yang menjadikan infeksi sulit untuk diobati. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, pengendalian yang efektif perlu diimplementasikan, seperti penerapan senyawa antibiofilm. Beberapa tahun terakhir, lingkungan akuatik menjadi salah satu sumber potensi penghasil senyawa bioaktif, termasuk senyawa antibiofilm. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menapis dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri asal air terjun dan laut yang diperoleh dari beberapa lokasi di Indonesia, sebagai penghasil aktivitas antibiofilm. Isolat dievaluasi berdasarkan kemampuan aktivitas antimikroba terhadap enam bakteri patogen dan diikuti dengan penapisan senyawa antibiofilm. Sebanyak 11 dari 65 isolat menunjukkan aktivitas quorum sensing atau quorum quenching, dan hanya terdapat satu isolat yang memiliki aktivitas keduanya. Supernatan kesebelas isolat menunjukkan penghambatan pembentukan biofilm setidaknya terhadap satu patogen dengan metode uji biofilm statis. Karakterisasi senyawa bioaktif dari lima isolat yang terpilih menunjukkan aktivitas senyawa yang berbeda, seperti karbohidrat, protein, dan asam nukleat. Sekuensing gen penyandi 16S rRNA menetapkan kelima isolat tersebut berada dalam dua genus yang berbeda, Vibrio (WK2.4, WK2.6, and WK2.3) dan Pseudomonas (S1.2 dan S1.3). Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan baru terhadap pencarian kandidat bakteri akuatik sebagai agen antibiofilm yang potensial. Abstract Biofilm involvement in chronic infections and on the surface of medical equipments have been considered as public health concern worldwide. Bacterial biofilm is related to antibiotic resistance that made the diseases difficult to treat. An effective control strategy should be implemented, for example, by applying antibiofilm agents. Recently, concerns has been given to aquatic environment as potential sources of bioactive compounds, including the antibiofilm compounds. This study aimed to screen and characterize waterfall and marine bacteria obtained from several locations in Indonesia which have antibiofilm activity. The isolates were first evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against six bacterial pathogens and followed by antibiofilm screening. Eleven out of 65 isolates showed quorum sensing or quorum quenching activity, and one of them showed both activities. Supernatants of 11 isolates inhibited biofilm formation of at least one pathogen by using static biofilm assay. Bioactive compounds characterization of the selected five isolates revealed the presence of different compounds, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis classified five isolates into two different genera, Vibrio (WK2.4, WK2.6, and WK2.3) and Pseudomonas (S1.2 and S1.3). The present study provides insights into the discovery of aquatic bacteria candidates as antibiofilm agents.

The in Vitro Antibiofilm Activity of Waterfall and Marine Bacteria Against Human Bacterial Pathogens