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We have studied the effect of chromium disilicide and titanium nitride nanoparticles on the expression level of genes encoding important regulatory enzymes and factors (NAMPT, UPS7, E2F8, FAS/TNFSF6, TBX3, and IL13RA2) in mouse liver for evaluation of possible toxic effects of these nanoparticles. It was shown that treatment of mice by titanium nitride nanoparticles (20 nm; 20 mg with food every working day for 2 months) led to up-regulation of the expression of NAMPT, FAS, TBX3, and IL13RA2 genes and to down-regulation of USP7 and E2F8 genes in the liver tissue. Changes for TBX3 and IL13RA2 genes were more significant than for other genes. Furthermore, treatment of mice by chromium disilicide nanoparticles (45 nm; 20 mg with food every working day for 2 months) led to more significant changes in the expression of USP7, E2F8, FAS, and TBX3 genes in comparison to the effect of titanium nitride nanoparticles. At the same time, effect of titanium nitride nanoparticles on the expression of NAMPT gene in the liver tissue was stronger as compared to chromium disilicide nanoparticles. Additionally, treatment of mice by chromium disilicide nanoparticles did not change significantly the expression of IL13RA2 gene in the liver. The present study demonstrates that chromium disilicide and titanium nitride nanoparticles had variable effects on the expression of most studied genes in a gene specific manner, which possibly reflect genotoxic activities of studied nanoparticles, but molecular mechanisms of observed changes in gene expressions warrant further investigation.

Effect of chromium disilicide and titanium nitride nanoparticles on the expression of NAMPT, E2F8, FAS, TBX3, IL13RA2, and UPS7 genes in mouse liver