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The growth pattern in the thin and bulk samples of various crystallographic orientations is studied using direct observation of solid–liquid interface in transparent substances and microstructure of Al–Si single crystals. The evolution of regular tilted cells and split seaweed structures is observed in thin samples for different growth orientations and growth rates. During direct study in bulk samples, elongated cells appeared only for <110> orientations, whereas, for <100> orientations, only equiaxed cells appeared. This effect is associated with simultaneous development of the regular cell and irregular seaweed structures in single crystals with growth orientation different from <100>. Continuous pattern evolution due to the effect of solute accumulation results in non-steady-state interface propagation and transformation of elongated cells eventually into equiaxed ones.

Non-Steady-State Growth During Directional Solidification of Various Crystallographic Orientations