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Children with microcephaly as a result of fetal exposure to the Zika virus (ZIKV) may experience brain changes, neurological abnormalities, bone and craniofacial deformities. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe oral problems and oral health habits involving children in early childhood with microcephaly associated with fetal exposure to ZIKV.  Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of children with microcephaly, exposed to ZIKV during the pregnancy, attended at the Neuropediatrics outpatient clinic of a reference center in Salvador-BA. Clinical examination of oral conditions and interviews with mothers/ guardians were performed to obtain sociodemographic data and lifestyle habits. A descriptive analysis of the variables and exploratory analysis of factors associated with defects in enamel development (DDE) were done using Pearson's chi square and a significance level of 5%.  Results: 74 children participated in the study and a higher frequency of the following oral conditions was observed: delayed eruption chronology (100%), dental biofilm (55.88%) and enamel defects (DDE) (22.06%). Bohn nodules (6.85%), micro dents (2.70%) and ectopically positioned dental elements (1.35%) were less frequent. Only one of them showed incipient caries lesion (1.47%). The occurrence of DDE was more frequent among those with ogival palate, normal weight at birth and who did not have an eruptive delay (p &lt;0.05). In oral habits, 52.70% used a pacifier, 50% feeding at night, 66.22% used sugar and 52.24% brushed teeth before bed.  Conclusion: Monitoring oral health conditions is necessary to minimize oral health problems in these children.

Developmental enamel defects and other oral problems in children with microcephaly associate with fetal exposure to zika virus (ZIKV)