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Objective: This study investigates the association between dyslipidemia and fatty liver disease with body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist circumference (WC) and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity.  Methods: Data from 299 children with overweight or obesity (48% boys) with mean age 9.23±2.5 years were analyzed. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) &gt;25.8 U/L (boys) and &gt;22.1 U/L (girls), was defined as abnormal. Student’s t-tests were computed for the comparison of mean values. Chi-square tests were used for the comparison of proportions.  Results: Proportions of children with dyslipidemia and suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were 23.4% and 31.4% respectively. The percentage of children with NAFLD was 28.3% in those without dyslipidemia and 45% in those with dyslipidemia (p=0.015). BMI, WC and WHtR were not different between children with and without dyslipidemia. BMI was significantly higher in those with NAFLD (p=0.019). A stratified by gender analysis, showed that BMI, WC and WHtR were significantly higher in boys with NAFLD (p=0.009, 0.037, 0.049 respectively). WHtR≥0.5 and ΗΟΜΑ-IR≥3 were not significantly associated with the presence of dyslipidemia (p&gt;0.999, 0.549 respectively), however ΗΟΜΑ-IR ≥3 was more frequent in children with NAFLD (p=0.011). A stratified by gender analysis, showed that the aforementioned association was evident only in boys (p=0.027).  Conclusion: The severity of obesity and male gender are clinical indicators of increased risk of dyslipidemia and NAFLD among obese children and adolescents.

Association between obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance with suspected fatty liver disease in Greek children with excess weight