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Two surges of prolactin (PRL) are observed daily during pseudopregnancy (PSP) in the rat: the nocturnal (N) surge at dawn and the diurnal (D) surge in the evening. In order to clarify differences in the controlling mechanisms of the two types of PRL surges, we attempted to examine the turnover rates of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus (PAH) and mid-posterior hypothalamus (MPH) on day 5-6 of PSP. The turnover rates of DA in the hypothalamus were inversely correlated with the serum PRL levels at the D surge when a significant increase in serum PRL was accompanied by not only a marked decrease in turnover rates of DA in the PAH, but also a slight decrease in turnover rates of the amine in the MPH. Contrarily, no significant decrease occurred in the turnover rates of DA in the hypothalamus at the N surge. There was no obvious correlation between the turnover rates of NE in the hypothalamus and the serum PRL levels at either PRL surge. These findings suggest that decreased turnover rates of DA in the hypothalamus are involved in the D surge, and it is most probable that the N PRL surge occurs under the control of another factor such as the hypothalamic PRL-releasing factor.

Turnover Rates of Hypothalamic Dopamine Associated with the Two Types of Prolactin Surges during Pseudopregnancy in Rats