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The objective of this study was to evaluate phenolic compounds produced from the catalytic pyrolysis of pine sawdust by commercial catalysts. Eight types of commercial catalysts consisting of SiO2, montmorillonite, α-Fe2O3, HZSM-5 (Si:Al = 25:1), ZnO, γ-Fe2O3, HZSM-5 (Si:Al = 50:1), and nano-HZSM-5 (Si:Al = 50:1) were screened in a fixed bed reactor at a reaction temperature of 500 °C and a vapor residence time of 3 s. All the tested commercial catalysts exhibited different catalytic performances for the adjustment of the composition of the bio-oil. HZSM-5 (Si:Al = 25:1) significantly increased hydrocarbon production in the bio-oil, which is helpful for improving its heating value. The different types of phenols were reduced significantly from 17 to 7 with nano-HZSM-5 (Si:Al = 50:1); however, the phenols content also decreased from 32.6% to 23.28% compared with non-catalytic pyrolysis. Meanwhile, the addition of nano-HZSM-5 (Si:Al = 50:1) to the raw material provided the highest amount of furans (up to 38.8%) among the tested commercial catalysts. The inexpensive ZnO and γ-Fe2O3 also were surprisingly effective for the reduction of the variety of phenolic compounds detected by GC/MS, reducing that number from 17 to 10.

Reduction of the Variety of Phenolic Compounds in Bio-oil via the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Pine Sawdust