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This study was done to determine the effectiveness of a commercially available bioaugmentation product, BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG, for remediating petroleum-contaminated sandy soil. Biodegradation enhancement by BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG was evaluated in laboratory microcosms by directly measuring total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and indirectly using respirometry. Attempts were made to enrich hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG, and the resulting enrichment cultures were screened using respirometry as well. Potential hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG were isolated. Experiments were performed at bench-scale using microcosm bottles containing sand contaminated with either motor oil or No. 2 diesel fuel. The microcosms were incubated at 25 o C under aerobic conditions. TPH measurements of soil in the microcosms at 0, 25 and 56 days indicated that the addition of 500-ppm BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG improved biodegradation of the motor oil-contaminated soil by 45%. However, BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG did not have a measurable effect on biodegradation in the diesel-contaminated soil. In the respirometry experiments, BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG and two hydrocarbon-enriched BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG cultures were evaluated indirectly by the measurement of microbial carbon dioxide production and oxygen uptake using a v MicroOxymax TM respirometer. The respirometry experiments showed that in the six-day period following motor oil-contamination of soil, the addition of BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG substantially improves biodegradation rates. The added organisms in the product out-performed the indigenous organisms in the 5-6 days following contamination of the soil. The CO 2 production observed in the BiOWiSH TM microcosms contaminated with motor oil was much greater than CO 2 production without motor oil, which confirms that the observed metabolism can be attributed to motor oil biodegradation rather than metabolism of other organic material in the soil. Enriched consortia consistently generated far less CO 2 than microcosms with the 500 ppm BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG. Stoichiometric calculations suggested that BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG removed approximately 1400 ppm TPH (14%) from the soil in 6.5 days, while an enrichment culture of BiOWiSH TM-Aqua FOG only reduced TPH levels by 459 ppm (5%). This result suggests that increased biodegradation rate in bioaugmented soil is aided by biodiversity in the augmenting inoculum. A potential hydrocarbon-degrading candidate organism was isolated from the product and cultured on Bushnell-Haas agar and plate-count agar (PCA). While at least two distinct colony types were successfully grown on media with motor oil, these same colonies appeared on Bushnell-Haas agar with no apparent carbon source, and survived repeated transfers onto this same …

ENHANCED HYDROCARBON BIODEGRADATION USING BIOAUGMENTATION WITH BIOWISHTM-AQUA FOG