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The primary goal of this research was to determine whether near field effects from residential wood smoke emissions have a significant impact on acute and/or average PM 2.5 concentrations, and therefore health risks. To this end, three primary research objectives were addressed: (1) measurement of the variability of wood smoke concentrations within a residential neighborhood with wood smoke sources, (2) establishment of whether the magnitude of near-source contributions to exposures can be estimated using typically available data, and (3) prediction of wood smoke concentrations using linear regression techniques on meteorological parameters. This project was divided into 4 primary tasks. Neighborhood Selection (Task 1), Detailed Sample Plan and Method Validation (Task 2), Field Study to deploy equipment and personnel to the study area (Task 3), and Data Analysis (Task 4). The data analysis was divided into three sections: (1) evaluation of aethalometer black carbon (BC) variability, (2) regression and correlation analyses between meteorological factors and aethalometer BC, and (3) evaluation of the Personal Environmental Monitor (PEM) BC variability. v BC concentrations, as measured by aethalometers, showed that near-source contributions to average concentrations varied widely within the 1 km 2 study area, with measured BC differences up to 3.27 µg/m 3 which corresponds to an estimated PM 2.5 concentration ranging from 54.5 to 81.75 µg/m 3. Consequently, BC concentrations, and therefore exposures, are dependent upon the location within a residential area and cannot be estimated well using measurements from a single location. Based on the results from this study, it is recommended that the standard method of measuring PM 2.5 should be updated by either placing additional monitors throughout the region or estimating the variation of PM 2.5 using meteorological data and an understanding of the factors leading to near source variability. PEMs' BC measurements also showed that near-source contributions to average wood smoke concentrations vary widely over relatively short distances. Based on the BC variations between the eight to twelve monitored locations, it is unreasonable to assume that the BC measurements, and hence wood smoke PM 2.5 , are constant over a residential area. The maximum PEM BC difference of 0.76 µg/m 3 , or a PM 2.5 concentration of 12.7 to 19.0 µg/m 3 (depending on the BC/ PM 2.5 fraction), could result in inappropriate measures being taken to protect the health of local residents. This research showed significant concentration variability associated with wood smoke burning within a residential neighborhood, …

ASSESSING NEAR-FIELD OUTDOOR CONCENTRATION VARIABILITY FROM RESIDENTIAL WOOD SMOKE COMBUSTION SOURCES